What is headache?

Headache is a term used to describe aching or pain that occurs in one or more areas of the head, face, mouth, or neck. Headache involves the network of nerve fibers in the tissues, muscles, and blood vessels located in the head and at the base of the skull.

Almost everyone has occasional headaches, especially when they are sick, tired or otherwise under stress. Headache is the result of pain signals caused by interactions between the brain, blood vessels, and surrounding nerves. During a headache, the pain comes not from the brain. It comes from specific nerves surrounding the skull, head muscles, and blood vessels that are activated and send pain signals, interpreted by the brain as a headache. The reasons why these nerves are activated are not clearly understood. Most headaches go away on their own or are easily treated with over the counter (OTC) drugs.

Headache types

There are two main categories of headache: primary and secondary.

The major types of primary headaches include:
Tension headache Cluster headache Migraine

Primary headaches are not caused by other underlying medical conditions. More than 90% of headaches are primary.

Secondary

Secondary headaches result from other medical conditions, such as cerebrovascular disease, head trauma, infection, tumor, and metabolic disorder. These account for fewer than 10% of all headaches. Head pain also can result from syndromes involving the eyes, ears, neck, teeth, or sinuses. In these cases, the underlying condition must be diagnosed and treated. Also, certain types of medication produce headache as a side effect.

Many people have occasional headaches that get better on their own or go away with OTC drug treatment. Most of these people never see a healthcare provider for their headaches, however, there are several circumstances in which an evaluation by a physician may be useful or important:
Headaches that are getting worse over time Severe headaches that start suddenly Headaches that start after a head injury Headaches that always occur on the same side of the head Headaches that are not responding to treatment Severe headaches that interrupt work or the enjoyment of daily activities Daily headaches Aggravated by exertion, coughing, bending, or sexual activity
Tension Headache

Tension headaches are the most common type of headaches. They affect up to 75% of all headache sufferers. Tension headache is usually episodic but may be chronic, occurring daily or almost daily for more than 15 days a month. This type of headache is linked with tension in neck and scalp muscles, affecting blood flow within the skull.

Tension headaches often start in the afternoon or early evening. The pain is typically on both sides of the head, pressing or tightening. Some people get tension headaches in response to stressful events. Tension headaches usually do not get worse with physical activity (such as walking or climbing stairs).

Treatment

The occasional tension headache can be alleviated by a hot shower, massage, sleep, and through patient recognition and avoidance of stress factors.

For episodic tension headaches that occur less than three times per week, OTC pain relievers such as aspirin, acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) are convenient and effective. Combination products of pain medication with caffeine may help some people, but also may be habit forming. Use of any OTC pain reliever should be limited to no more than two or three days per week. If pain medications are overused, rebound headaches may occur on the days that medications are not taken.

Chronic tension headaches are more difficult to treat, because rebound headaches are common when pain relievers are stopped. The most effective medications for treatment of chronic tension headaches are tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline HCl, doxepin HCl, nortriptyline HCl). However, it is often more effective to prevent these headaches than to treat them.

Some people are able to treat their tension headaches without medications. An ice compress, a heating pad or a massage to any tight areas in the neck and shoulders can be extremely helpful. Relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing exercises or acupuncture, may help to decrease the frequency of headaches.

Cluster Headache

Cluster headaches are relatively rare, affecting about 1% of the population. They are distinct from migraine and tension headaches. Cluster headaches primarily affect men between the ages of 20 and 40. Attacks usually occur in a series, or “clusters” of 1 – 8 headaches per day over a period of several weeks to months. The pain is extremely severe but the attack is brief, lasting 15 minutes to 3 hours. The pain of cluster headache almost always occurs on one side of the head. During cluster headaches, the eye on the same side as the pain may become teary or droopy or develop a small pupil. There may also be nasal congestion on the affected side of the face.

About 80% of cluster headaches occur at night, and in about 70% of patients, drinking alcohol can trigger a cluster headache. Unlike migraine sufferers, those with cluster headache often feel better if they keep moving during the headache.

Treatment

It is difficult to stop the pain of a cluster headache that is in progress, because the headache usually disappears by the time the patient reaches the emergency room or doctor’s office. Because the onset of cluster headache attacks is rapid and may occur several times a day, the best approach to treatment is with daily preventive drugs to decrease the severity and frequency of headaches. Lithium (Carbolith, Duralith, Lithane, Lithobid, Lithonate and others) and verapamil (Isoptin, Calan, Chronovera, Verelan, Novo-Veramil) are the two drugs that are most effective at accomplishing this. Other drugs used for this purpose include prednisone (Deltasone, Meticorten, Orasone 1, Winpred and others), cyproheptadine (Periactin) and methysergide (Sansert). Prophylactic medications usually are begun early during a cycle of cluster headaches and continued for two weeks longer than the usual cycle.

Abortive treatments include inhalation of 100% oxygen. Inhaling 100% oxygen for about 15 minutes through a facemask has proven to be helpful when it is done at the first signs of an attack. This oxygen must be prescribed by a doctor and obtained through a medical supplier. Other types of drugs that may be effective when used at the outset of cluster pain include the triptans (Imitrex, Maxalt, Zomig, Axert, Amerge), ergotamine (Cafergot) and indomethacin (Indocin).

Migraine Headache

Migraine headaches are less common than tension headaches. About 6% of all men and 18% of all women experience a migraine headache at some time. Migraine headache occurs on one or both sides of the head. The pain is typically pulsating or throbbing in nature. Nausea, with or without vomiting, as well as sensitivity to light and sound often accompany migraines. Migraines are made worse by activity, bright lights and bright noises. In most cases, migraine attacks are occasional, or sometimes as often as once or twice a week, but not daily. Women who have migraines often find that their headaches occur or worsen around the time of their menstrual periods.

One unique feature of migraines is an unusual sensation that a migraine is about to occur. This sensation is called a prodrome. Prodrome symptoms can include fatigue, hunger and nervousness. Not all people who get migraines have prodromes.

An aura is a complex of neurological symptoms that occur just before or at the onset of migraine headache. An aura involves a disturbance in vision that may consist of brightly colored or blinking lights in a pattern that moves across the field of vision. Most patients with migraine have attacks without aura. About one in five migraine sufferers experiences an aura.

Treatment

How your migraines are treated will depend on the frequency and severity of attacks. People who have a headache several times per year often respond well to nonprescription pain relievers.

There are two types of medications to treat migraines:
abortive medications – drugs that are taken when a headache starts preventive medications – drugs that are taken every day to prevent migraines
Abortive Medications

Migraine-specific abortive medications usually are necessary for moderate to severe migraine headaches. When possible, an abortive medication should be taken immediately after an aura or migraine headache starts. However overusing abortive medications can lead to chronic headaches, that occur day after day without a specific cause or diagnosis. Several prescription and nonprescription drugs are used as abortive medications: aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Apsifen, Motrin, Nuprin and other brand names) or naproxen (Aleve, Anaprox, Naprosyn)

Effective agents available by prescription include:
Triptans – sumatriptan (Imitrex), naratriptan (Amerge), zolmitriptan (Zomig) and rizatriptan (Maxalt). Triptan drugs are effective in 60% to 65% of patients, completely or significantly relieving migraine pain and associated symptoms within 2 hours of administration. Triptans reduce inflammation and constrict the blood vessels. The triptan with the longest history of use is sumatriptan (Imitrex). Ergots – sublingual ergotamine (Ergomar) and dihydroergotamine (Migranal). Ergots cause constriction of blood vessels, but ergots tend to cause more constriction of vessels in the heart and other parts of the body than the triptans, and their effects on the heart are more prolonged than the triptans. Ergots are not as safe as the triptans. Midrin. It is a combination of isometheptene (a blood vessel constrictor), acetaminophen (a pain reliever), and dichloralphenazone (a mild sedative)
Preventive Medications

Preventive medication are prescribed when migraine attacks that don’t respond well to abortive medications or adverse reactions to abortive medications occur, migraine attacks occur too often, complicated migraines. Many drugs are listed as potentially useful to prevent recurrent migraine attacks. The drugs in the following classes are useful to prevent recurrent migraine attacks:
Beta-blockers. Propranolol (Inderal) and nadolol (Corgard) have a good track record of being safe and effective. Metoprolol (Lopressor) and atenolol (Tenormin) are reasonable alternatives. Beta-blockers have been used for many years to prevent migraine headaches. It is not known how beta-blockers prevent migraine headaches. Tricyclic antidepressants. These medications are very effective, but often have troublesome side effects such as sedation, blurred vision, dry mouth and constipation. The first choice is often amitriptyline (Elavil). Nortriptyline (Pamelor, Aventyl), doxepin (Sinequan), imipramine (Tofranil) also can be tried. Anticonvulsants. Of the drugs in this class, valproate (Depakote, Epival) has the best evidence to support using it for prevention. Gabapentin (Neurontin) and topiramate (Topamax) also are effective. It is not known how anticonvulsants work to prevent migraine headaches. Serotonin antagonists. Methysergide (Sansert) has been available for many years and is very effective. Methysergide prevents migraine headaches by constricting blood vessels and reducing inflammation of the blood vessels. However, this medication has side effects that are potentially very serious and therefore is not widely used.
Rebound Headache

Increasing headache over time with repeated use of pain medicines can lead to a rebound headache. The headache is typically located on both sides of the head and is described as a pressing or tightening type of pain. When headache sufferers use too much pain medicine, their headaches often recur. This leads to a repeated cycle of taking more medicines and still having headaches. Rebound headache may appear if:
taking analgesics on 15 or more days per month for more than 3 months taking opioid or combination medication 10 or more days per month for more than 3 months

When analgesics are discontinued, the headache may get worse for several days and it may take up to 30 days to recover from the rebound process. Non-drug approaches, such as biofeedback, relaxation therapy, and exercise, can be helpful in reducing both headache frequency and need for medication.

Headache Triggers

Triggers are not direct causes of the headache, but they facilitate or provoke the beginning of an attack. Anything that stimulates the pain receptors in the head and neck can cause a headache. Some of the more common triggers for headache:
Emotional triggers: problems at work, success at work or school, anticipation, anxiety, an emotional crisis, a new job. Emotions can bring on headaches, keep them going, and make them worse. Emotions don’t cause your headaches, they just make you more vulnerable to them. Environmental triggers: bright light, different kinds of aromas like perfume, tobacco, odors (such as gasoline), loud noises, altitude, barometric pressure changes. Stress triggers: strenuous exercise, excessive physical work at the work place or at school, physical sickness, not enough sleep or too much sleep Chemical triggers: changes in hormone levels (that occur during the premenstrual period, during the post-menstrual period), low blood sugar. Food and beverage triggers: caffeine, alcohol (especially red wine), hard cheese, vinegar, hot dogs, chocolate, nuts, MSG (monosodium glutamate), pizza, pork. Foods containing nitrites as preservatives can also trigger headaches. Fasting or missing meals is a major headache trigger. Changes in the weather can change body chemistry, and have been known to trigger headaches. Heavy cigarette smoking.



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Piles of paper works left on your desk unattended, basket-full of soiled clothes scattered all around the house and kitchen sinks with a dozen of dirty dishes – these are realities almost every household has to face – all because of migraine. When this “unwelcomed visitor” knocks employers start to shout because one or two of their employees allowed the “visitor” in. Time, money and energy are wasted every single day as a result of migraine. This is one of the most common illness yet one of the less understood.

Migraine is a very painful type of headache and the pain is often described as pulsing or throbbing in one area of the head. When it attacks, people become very sensitive to light, sound and may also become nauseated and vomit.

The illness according to medical researches is more common in men than women. The researches likewise found that there is no one cause for migraine but several factors were pointed including anxiety, stress, lack of sleep or food and exposure to light.

In the past, physicians believed that migraines were linked to the opening and narrowing of blood vessels in the head. However, after further researches, another hypothesis was raised saying its cause is related to genes that control the activity of some brain cells.

A number of different triggers can instigate migraines in those susceptible. Some are out of the individual’s control, such as particular weather patterns or phases of the menstrual cycle. Other triggers can be identified and avoided; these include foods such as chocolate, fish, certain cheeses and monosodium glutamate. Environmentally, smoke, bright lights or certain smells can also play a part.

Because there is no specific cause of the disease as of yet, neither is there any specific medicine in the market to stop it. Medicines can help prevent migraine attacks or help relieve symptoms of attacks when they happen. For many people, treatments to relieve stress can also help.

Exact causes of migraine have yet to be determined but medical experts say while researches continue. There are simple remedies aside from swallowing a bitter pain reliever pill.

Change bed linens

Too troubled by migraine which keeps attacking every time you rise up from bed? Then get rid of your bed sheet and blankets, these may be the culprit! Studies show that beddings made of acrylic or polyester emit a certain kind of gas that triggers allergy including headaches.

Acrylic fibers are artificial fibers made from a special group of vinyl compounds, primarily acrylonitrile. Acrylic fibers are thermoplastic which soften when heated and hardened upon cooling. These fibers have low moisture regain and are low in density.

Avoid wheat

Researches disclosed that gluten, a major ingredient in most processed foods like canned soups, sauces, gravies, salad dressings, luncheon meat, whiskey and wine trigger migraine attacks.

Gluten is an amorphous ergastic protein found combined with starch in the endosperm of some cereals, notably wheat, rye, and barley. It constitutes about 80% of the proteins contained in wheat, and is composed of the proteins gliadin and glutenin.

Open car windows

Some new car interiors today, researches claimed, are made of materials which trigger the attacks. Some car interiors emit gases including xylene, toluene, benzene, acetone and n-hexane which cause migraine, stress and drowsiness.

It is best they advised, to open car windows regularly to allow these toxic gases to evaporate.

These remedies may sound “weird” to some but to others who have tried attest that they are indeed effective. In doubt, Why not give these remedies a try and if you don’t get relieved – consult your doctor!



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Migraine is a type of headache and a recognised medical condition. Migraine is widespread in the population. In the U.S., 18% of women and 6% of men report having had at least one migraine episode in the previous year. Migraines afflict about 30 million people in the United States. They may occur at any age, but usually begin between the ages of 10 and 40 and diminish after age 50. Some people experience several migraines a month, while others have only a few migraines throughout their lifetime. Approximately 75% of migraine sufferers are women.

Migraines’ secondary characteristics are inconsistent. Triggers precipitating a particular episode of migraine vary widely. The efficacy of the simplest treatment, applying warmth or coolness to the affected area of the head, varies between persons, sometimes worsening the migraine. Migraines are classified as either “with aura” or “without aura.” Migraine is a neurological disorder that generally involves recurring headaches. Other symptoms may occur with the headaches. Migraines are often classified based on whether they include an early symptom called an aura. Visual aura is the most common of the neurological events.

Migraine is a true organic neurological disease. Migraine with aura is characterized by a neurological phenomenon (aura) that is experienced 10 to 30 minutes before the headache. Most auras are visual and are described as bright shimmering lights around objects or at the edges of the field of vision (called scintillating scotomas) or zigzag lines, wavy images, or hallucinations. Migraine without aura is the most prevalent type and may occur on one or both sides (bilateral) of the head. Tiredness or mood changes may be experienced the day before the headache. Nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light (photophobia) often accompany migraine without aura. Migraine headaches affect about 11 out of 100 people. They are a common type of chronic, recurring headache. They most commonly occur in women and usually begin between the ages of 10 and 46. In some cases, they appear to run in families. A migraine is caused by abnormal brain activity, which is triggered by stress, food, or some other factor.

Migraine-specific therapies are designed specifically to treat migraine attacks. Ergotamine preparations are no longer readily available. Several medications may need to be tried before you find one that works. A class of drugs known as triptans can relieve a migraine once it starts. Rest in a quiet, darkened room. Drink fluids to prevent dehydration, especially if vomiting occurs. Several medications may help relieve symptoms. However, the effectiveness of migraine medications is highly variable in different people.

Some medicines can prevent migraines. These include propranolol, amitriptyline, ergonovine, cyproheptadine, clonidine, methysergide, calcium channel antagonists, valproic acid, carbamazepine, topiramate (Topamax), and many others. Ergotamine tartrate preparations constrict the arteries of the head and may be used alone or in combination with other drugs such as caffeine (Cafergot), phenobarbital, or Fioricet. Propoxyphene or other medications that relieve pain or inflammation may provide relief for some people. Nausea should be treated early with Reglan, Compazine, or other anti-emetics.

Migraines Treatment Tips

1. Conventional treatment focuses on three areas: trigger avoidance, symptomatic control, and preventive drugs.

2. Moderation in alcohol and caffeine intake, consistency in sleep habits, and regular meals may be helpful.

3. Triptans are a mid-line treatment suitable for many migraineurs with typical migraines.

4. Ergot drugs can be used either as a preventive or abortive therapy, though their relative expense.

5. Sumatriptan and related selective serotonin receptor agonists are now the therapy of choice for chronic migraine attacks.

6. Anti-emetics by suppository or injection may be needed in cases where vomiting dominates the symptoms.

7. Amidrine is sometimes prescribed for migraine headaches.

8. Intravenous chlorpromazine has proven very effective in treating status migrainosus–intractable and unremitting migraine.

9. Diet, visualization, and self-hypnosis are also alternative treatments and prevention approaches.

10. Massage therapy and physical therapy are often very effective forms of treatment to reduce the frequency and intensity of migraines.

11. Massage therapy of the jaw area can also reduce such pain.

12. Botox is being used by many headache specialists for patients with frequent or chronic migraines with encouraging results.

13. Try to avoid any factors that have triggered a migraine in the past.



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Teenage drug abuse is at an all-time high. No pun intended. Youth between the ages of 12-17 are being reported using illegal drugs If you are a parent, you know that teenage drug abuse is not an imaginary problem in our society, but instead is a very real, dangerous and quite far spread activity amongst teens. Unfortunately, to their child’s detriment, parents sometimes like to delude themselves with the fantasies that a good private school, active participation in the church or synagogue’s youth group program, strict curfews, and parental generosity will somehow deter their growing child from the dangers that lurk amongst peer groups, pushers, and the darkness of the dance clubs. Teenage drug abuse is a commonplace occurrence, and parents as well as caregivers need to be alert to the signs thereof, even in the most innocent of settings.

Frequently, you can hear teens making statements to their parents, “it’s not like I am smoking crack” or “it’s just a little pot, it can’t hurt me”. If you’re suspicious about your teen’s drug abuse or illegal drug usage, the best way to find out is by administering a teenage drug test from home.

If you’re hesitant to attempt testing your child and suspect that your teen is abusing marijuana (aka pot, maryjane, chron, weed, herb, bud, dope, grass) there are simple THC (Tetra Hydro Cannabinol) detection wipes that you can purchase. These wipes can be used on any surface which your teen son or daughter may be smoking near, such as the walls of their room. If the test comes up THC positive, the next step would be to administer a drug test either through saliva, hair, or urine. If you’re not sure what drug your teenager is abusing, there are Drug Detectors & Drug Identification Kits for Drug Testing available.

Not only can you test for THC found in marijuana, you can also test for other common drugs such as; cocaine (aka coke, snow, crack), ecstasy (aka XTC, X, Adam), opiates (aka heroin, codeine, opium, brown sugar), amphetamines (aka speed, whizz, amph, billy, phets, sulph), methamphetamine (aka speed, meth, chalk or in its smoked form, it is often referred to as ice, crystal, crank, or glass), barbiturates (aka barbs, downers, barbies, barbita, seconal, red devils, blue devils and yellows),

benzodiazepines (aka tranks, downers, benzos), oxycodone (aka oxy, hillbilly) and phencyclidine (aka PCP, angel dust, supergrass, killer weed, KJ, embalming fluid, rocket fuel and sherms).

Other drugs that teens may be addicted to and can be tested for are propoxyphene (PPX), tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) methadone (MET), morphine (MOP) and the popular LSD also known as acid.

Not only can teenagers abuse illegal drugs but they can also abuse and become addicted to prescription drugs found in your medicine cabinet. Commonly misused prescription drugs are Vicodin, Xanax, Valium, Adderall, Ativan and Fioricet.

The more that teenage drug abuse will continue to claim many victims, the more teenage drug testing kits will become popular. The most important step in helping a teen to avoid becoming another statistic is simply by not allowing rationalization of drug abuse to take root in the mindset of your growing child. Instead, children should be taught from the earliest years to take responsibility for their own actions, and thus many of the drug myths so prevalent in today’s teenage society will not find any more believers. This approach will not eradicate teenage drug abuse but it will close off one more avenue by which teens and their pushers have been able to delude themselves into using substances.



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Triggering a migraine headache may be as easy as sleeping past your normal wake up time. But what is a normal wake up time? Should you be striving for 8 hours of sleep every night? Should you be waking up at 6:00 AM every morning? By understanding what is required for a good night’s sleep you will be able to improve your sleep habits which can help reduce the frequency or intensity of migraine headache pain.

Research has shown that migraine sufferers can reduce the frequency, duration, and intensity of migraine headaches when they improve their sleep habits. Serotonin is a chemical produced by the body that is called the “feel good” chemical, and is associated with sleep problems. To produce a satisfactory amount of serotonin a person must be able to reach a deep sleep. During the deepest sleep stages is when serotonin is produced in the greatest amounts. If poor sleep habits disturb a person’s deep stages of sleep, adequate serotonin will not be produced and a migraine attack may be the end result.

The most frequently used natural treatment approach for nighttime migraine headaches is for the sufferer to elevate his or her upper body and try to go back to sleep. Having a few extra pillows handy can help in this regard. Many nocturnal migraine patients have been helped using this method. However, the best approach is to improve sleep habits so the migraines don’t appear in the first place.

If you expect to improve your nightly sleep routine it’s important to know there are 3 main factors that can cause poor sleep habits: an excessive amount of noise, stress, or drugs. Before you slip under the covers be sure to turn off all of the lights. This also means no more falling asleep while the TV is on. The TV will provide both light and noise, two factors that can disrupt normal sleep.

Reducing stress can often be very difficult depending on your situation, but exercise can be a great stress reducer. Exercising during the day, no later than the early afternoon, can improve the quality of your sleep. Just don’t exercise too close to bedtime or it can cause sleep difficulties.

Now that we’ve exercised and turned the lights out we’re almost ready for a good night’s sleep. However, there is one more thing that needs to be discussed: drugs. When I say drugs I am not only talking about only painkillers or illegal drugs, I’m talking about all drugs. Caffeine is a drug that can disrupt sleep tremendously. People that drink a cup of coffee at night are doing themselves no favors as caffeine can make it hard for them to fall asleep.

Caffeine is also a migraine trigger, so drinking a cup too close to bedtime may cause a migraine attack by either directly triggering a migraine attack or by causing a person to experience a poor night’s sleep. By turning the lights and TV off, exercising daily, and eliminating caffeine before bedtime, it’s often possible to improve the quality of sleep and reduce the frequency and intensity of migraine headaches.



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First off, I’d like to say that I’m not a member of the medical community. You will not find this article full of medical lingo. I am however, a woman who has suffered from migraines for over 30 years.

Migraines, AAARGH! Everyone who has, or currently having migraines, just upon hearing the word, knows how debilitating they can be. The sensitivity to light, sound, smell, and the vomiting. They can also last for hours. Some people have migraines occasionally, while others, such as myself, have them constantly.

Migraines, according to the medical community, is caused by the sudden constricting and releasing of blood vessels. However, this is not always the case.

Migraines can be brought on by a number of things. Diet, food allergies, hormones, and even a faulty gallbladder. There is still research being done on the relationship between hormones, and migraines. I noticed my migraines had eased up a little when I entered menopause. Unfortunately, for my daughter, she too will suffer from migraines as they are genetic. What a legacy to pass on!

There are many medications to choose from for temporary relief. Over the years I’ve taken; Axert, Zomig, Maxalt, Fioricet, Topamax, Paxil, Cymbalta, Atenolol, and Toprol. There are 3 others, but I don’t recall the names due to the fact, I only took them for 1 day. The only one that seems to work for my migraines is Maxalt. Make sure you to read or ask about side effects of any medications before taking them. This was something I learned the hard way, after taking a couple of the above listed prescriptions.

There is lots of information out there if you want to go the alternative health route. Herbs such as, Feverfew, and Valerian are worth checking out. Also, caffeine has been known to be of help. Do not drink too much, too often, as this may bring on migraines. I’ve read a couple of articles claiming sex relieves migraines as well. I think whoever wrote those articles, don’t know what a migraine is. If your a migraine sufferer, my heart goes out to you. I hope, one day soon, they’ll find a permanent cure.



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Rebound headaches are caused by the very things that relieve headaches — pain medication. So basically it becomes a choice of suffer now, or suffer later.

Rebound headaches are usually daily occurrences, beginning early in the morning. Rebound headaches can lead to other problems including anxiety, depression, irritability and sleeplessness.

Medications

Migraine medications work to raise serotonin levels to ease pain. However, when too much medication is ingested something happens to the serotonin levels, which causes the chemical to lose its effectiveness. Research has shown that serotonin levels are lower when you take too much pain medication and then they rise slightly after the headaches gets better and you stop taking the medication.

If prescription or over-the-counter drugs are taken too often or in greater amounts than recommended, this can lead to rebound headaches. In addition to sedatives and tranquilizers, other rebound-causing medications include:

1. Caffeine-containing analgesics (Anacin, Excedrin, etc.). Caffeine, a primary ingredient in many headache medicines, can relieve migraine pain temporarily. However, taking medicine containing caffeine every day — as well as drinking caffeine-loaded beverages such as coffee or soft drinks — can lead to more frequent and severe headaches. If the headache gets worse when you stop using caffeine, the caffeine may be the cause of some of your headaches.

2. Butalbital compounds (Fioricet, Fiorinal, Phrenilin, etc.); Isometheptene compounds (Duradrin, Midrin, etc.); Decongestants (Afrin, Dristan, Sudafed, Tylenol Sinus, etc.); Ergotamines (D.II.E. 45, Ergomar, Migranal, Wigraine); Triptans (Amerge, Axert, Imitrex, Maxalt, Zomig); Opioids and related drugs (Darvocet, OxyContin, Percocet, Tylenol with codeine, etc.). Medications that include any form of codeine, such as Percocet, Tylenol 3, or Vicodin, must be used with care because they can cause dependency quickly.

Symptoms

* Your headache occurs daily or almost daily (3 or 4 times a week).

* Your headache deviates in form, location on the head, severity and strength.

* You have a lower than normal threshold for pain.

* You begin to notice evidence of an increasing tolerance to the effectiveness of analgesics over a period of time.

* You notice a spontaneous improvement of headache pain when you discontinue the medications.

* You are considered a sufferer of a primary headache disorder and you use prevention medication frequently and in large quantities.

* Even the slightest physical movement or bare minimum of intellectual expenditure causes the onset of the headache.

* Your headache is accompanied by any of these symptoms: anxiety, depression, difficulty in concentration, irritability, memory problems, nausea, and restlessness.

* You suffer withdrawal symptoms when you abruptly are taken off the medication.

Recovery

If you have rebound headaches due to the overuse of medications, the only way to recover is to cease taking the drugs. If it is caffeine that is causing your rebound headaches, reducing your intake may be of help. Before deciding on whether you want to stop abruptly or gradually, the following need to be considered:

1. Make sure you consult with a physician before withdrawing from headache drugs. Certain non-headache medications, such as anti-anxiety drugs or beta-blockers, require gradual withdrawal.

2. The patient (you) may need to be hospitalized if the symptoms do not respond to treatment, or if they cause severe nausea and vomiting.

3. During the first few days, alternative medications may be administered. Examples of drugs that may be used include corticosteroids, dihydroergotamine (with or without metoclopramide), NSAIDs (in mild cases) or valproate.

4. Whatever method you choose when stopping your medication, you will go through a period of worsening headache afterward. Most people will feel better within 2 weeks, however, headache symptoms can persist for as long as 4 months and in some rare cases even longer.

Good News

Many patients experience long-term relief from all headaches afterward. The conclusion of one study showed that over 80% of patients significantly improved 4 months after withdrawal.



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Many athletes use over-the-counter topical pain relievers to treat muscle aches and pains. If you are suffering from muscle and lower back pain, even arthritis pain, there are pill-free options for you. Sometimes our “healthy lifestyle” of exercising and sports can cause us muscle strain and discomfort. Sore and achy muscles and joints may be caused by arthritis, backaches, sprains, strains and bruises. More than half of Americans live with chronic or recurrent pain, with large numbers saying it interferes with their activities, mood and enjoyment of life — initiating a vast search for relief, from medication to bed rest, yoga or over the counter alternatives. Back and knee pain are most common forms of recurrent pain. Pain is much more frequent among older adults.

Question: What’s the Best Pain Reliever for You? Answer:

Pills Prescription for example Fioricet, Tramadol, Ultram, Soma and Imitrex Over the counter NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). These include aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil and Motrin), naproxen sodium (Aleve), and ketoprofen (Orudis KT). Acetaminophen (Tylenol and Panadol).

Topical pain medications

Question: What safe and effective topical ingredients help combat muscle aches and pains? Answer: Lidocaine – a local anesthetic, when applied to the skin produces pain relief by blocking the signals at the nerve endings in the skin. Glucosamine – is a compound found naturally in the body, made from glucose and the amino acid glutamine. Since the body’s natural glucosamine is used to make and repair joint cartilage, taking glucosamine is thought to help repair damaged cartilage. Capsaicin – is an ingredient in many topical skin preparations used to used to relieve pain. Capsaicin works by decreasing a certain natural substance in your body (substance P) that helps pass pain signals to the brain. Question: Is there a Topical pain medication that has generated consumer confidence? Answer:

Topical pain medications are those that are applied directly to the skin. They come in a variety of forms including creams, gels lotions and patches.



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Most people simply pop a pain pill at the first sign of a migraine, and for some migraine sufferers this works alright for now. Unfortunately, the more painkillers you consume, the greater your chance of becoming sensitized to the medications you’re taking. After awhile, the pain medicines can actually be causing the headaches instead of relieving them. If you live with migraines maybe it’s time you tried a natural approach to relief. They are generally safer than medications and can often give better results than even the strongest prescription drugs.

There are two types of natural treatment that can help with migraines. These two treatment methods will either be designed to prevent the migraine headache from occurring in the first place or relieve the pain of a migraine attack that has already begun. The three treatments that we’ll be talking about are in the category of helping to relieve an acute attack, but not used for prevention.

1. Acupressure

There are many areas that can be used as acupressure points to relieve migraine headache pain. Using acupressure requires you press with your thumbs or the pads of your first two fingers on an area with a firm, but gentle pressure. Keep the pressure constant for at least 30 seconds, but not longer than 60 seconds. Applying pressure to the following points can often relieve migraine pain very quickly.

There are two points, one on the left and one on the right, just beneath the base of the skull about one or two inches from the very center of the neck. Apply pressure as described above to these two points.

Another point is located between the thumb and first finger of each hand. Squeeze the fleshy point between the thumb and first finger of the left hand for about 30 seconds and then repeat the action on the other hand. Again, this can often reduce the pain almost immediately.

2. Heat and ice

Since migraine headaches develop when the blood vessels surrounding the brain become enlarged and dilated, it only makes sense that decreasing the size of these blood vessels will relieve the pain. There are two good ways to accomplish this feat. You can either decrease the amount of blood going to the head or divert the blood away from the head.

Placing an ice pack on the back of the neck at the base of the skull can do wonders for limiting the blood flow to the head. With less blood flowing in the vessels of the brain they will begin to constrict instead of dilate, and therefore relieve the pain. Leaving the ice pack on for at least twenty minutes, but preferably thirty minutes, is necessary for optimum results.

Diverting the blood away from the head is achieved by heating up the body somewhere else. It can sometimes be as simple as placing your feet in warm water. However, the best approach is to hop into a nice warm bath. This will dilated the blood vessels in your body, causing more blood to move to that area instead of your head. For best results you can use place an ice pack on the back of the neck while in the bathtub. This will give you double the effect of just using one of the techniques.

3. Relaxation techniques

One of the most common approaches to relieving migraine pain is to simply lie down in a quiet, dark room. Bright lights and loud noises can increase the intensity of a migraine attack, so lying down in a quiet, dark room can most often reduce the pain and sometimes even stop it altogether. One classic symptom of migraine is that the pain is increased when doing any strenuous work or exercise. Relaxing in this described fashion will help calm you down and decrease your pain.



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Coffee drinkers – Caution!

Whats the most frustrating physical problem you face in this modern stressful life?? Yes headache!! Common but disgusting.

Got a headache! Whats your first thought? Hmmm, a cup of coffee!! Coffee is the first choice to get relief from headache for many. This is because it is an easy- to- get remedy which gives immediate beneficial effects.

The main component of coffee is caffeine which jolts the central nervous system and act as a stimulant causing increase in alertness and awareness. It is used in many of the headache relievers like Excedrin and Fioricet.

Caffeine and its sources:
Caffeine is bitter crystalline alkaloid which acts as psychoactive stimulant.

It is present in many beverages like coffee, tea, soft drinks and energy drinks and also in small amounts in beans, leaves and fruits of some plants. Of these coffee occupies the first place.

Can Caffeine be a Cause of headaches:
The causes for headache can be stress, nutritional factors, and blood sugar levels commonly. Tension headache can be caused by muscle contraction in face, scalp, neck, shoulder and jaw when subjected to stress or even in cases of severe anxiety and depression. But migraine which is most common in women is caused by dilation of blood vessels.

Now an unexpected cause of headaches… caffeine!

Caffeine and headaches relation:
The most common occurrence of headache is due to blood vessels increasing in size and they gradually wreak havoc on the nerves surrounding them. So most of the headache relievers focus on bringing the blood vessels back to their normal size. Caffeine in small amounts can help to achieve this as it acts as vasoconstrictor.

But the darker side is caffeine when used in large amounts especially along with sugar can backfire and cause expansion of blood vessels and thereby resulting in headache.

Addictive nature of caffeine:
Can’t miss your morning cup of coffee? Or can’t start your work without enjoying your coffee daily? Then you are one of the millions suffering from caffeinism that is ‘addiction to caffeine’ or simply ‘caffeine dependency’.

Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive substance all over the world. Unlike other abused drugs its consumption is legal and also unregulated in most of the countries. But caffeine can act as a slow poison.

Why addiction to caffeine?

Intakes of caffeine causes rush of adrenaline which results in boost of energy. But when we fail to take caffeine at the usual time, the adrenaline levels decrease and withdrawal symptoms start. This drags us to coffee shop again and the addiction starts.

When a regular coffee consumer goes without his/her fix, ‘caffeine withdrawal’ symptoms start to appear. These include drowsiness, coffee cravings, irritability, mood swings, headache and loss of appetite, upset stomach.

Overcoming caffeine withdrawal symptoms:
Best one is decreasing caffeine consumption gradually.

Taking additional vitamins like vitamin B 12, vitamin C and vitamin E, B-complex can help in detoxifying the body or mineral supplements

How much of caffeine is excess caffeine?
Generally 300mg of caffeine per day is agreed to be safe. This would be the amount in 2 cups of coffee. For pregnant woman this should more less.

Alternatives of coffee:
Green tea, licorice tea, black tea can be very helpful.



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